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No se trata de una cifra exagerada; es
más bien cautelosa. En eso he meditado bastante después de la reunión |
REFLECTIONS
OF PRESIDENT FIDEL CASTRO THAT is not an exaggerated figure, but rather a
cautious one. I have meditated a lot on that in the wake of President Bush’s
meeting with |
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La idea siniestra de convertir los
alimentos en combustible quedó definitivamente establecida |
The sinister idea of converting food into fuel
was definitively established as an economic line in |
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Un cable de la AP, agencia de
información norteamericana que llega a todos los rincones |
A cable from the AP, the |
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" |
“ |
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"Bush dijo que un compromiso de los
líderes de la industria automotriz nacional para duplicar su producción de
vehículos a combustible alternativo ayudaría a que los automovilistas
abandonen los motores que funcionan con gasolina y reduzcan la dependencia |
“Bush said a commitment by the leaders of the
domestic auto industry to double their production of flex-fuel vehicles could
help motorists shift away from gasoline and reduce the nation's reliance on
imported oil. |
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"‘Este es un gran avance
tecnológico para el país’, dijo Bush tras inspeccionar tres vehículos a
combustible alternativo. Si la nación quiere reducir el consumo de gasolina,
el consumidor debe estar en posibilidad de tomar una decisión racional. |
‘“That's a major technological breakthrough for
the country,’ Bush said after inspecting three alternative vehicles. If the
nation wants to reduce gasoline use, he said “the consumer has got to be in a
position to make a rational choice.” |
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"El Presidente instó al Congreso a
avanzar rápido en una legislación que el gobierno propuso recientemente para
ordenar el uso de 132 000 millones de litros (35 000 millones de galones) de
combustibles alternativos para el 2017 y para imponer estándares más
exigentes de ahorro de combustible en los automóviles. |
“The president urged Congress to ‘move
expeditiously’ on legislation the administration recently proposed to require
the use of 35 billion gallons of alternative fuels by 2017 and seek higher
fuel economy standards for automobiles. |
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"Bush se reunió con el presidente
de consejo y director general de General Motors Corp, Rich Wagoner; el
director general de Ford Motor Co., Alan Mulally y el director general del
grupo Chrysler de Daimler Chrysler AG, Tom LaSorda. |
“Bush met with General Motors Corp. chairman and
chief executive Rick Wagoner, Ford Motor Co. chief executive Alan Mulally and
DaimlerChrysler AG's Chrysler Group chief executive Tom LaSorda. |
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"Los participantes en el encuentro
discutieron medidas para apoyar la producción de vehículos a combustible
alternativo, intentos para desarrollar el etanol a partir de fuentes |
“They discussed support for flex-fuel vehicles,
attempts to develop ethanol from alternative sources like switchgrass and
wood chips and the administration's proposal to reduce gas consumption by 20
percent in 10 years. |
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"Las discusiones se realizaron en
un momento en que han subido los precios de la gasolina. El estudio más
reciente de la organización Lundberg Survey señaló que el precio promedio
nacional de la gasolina ha subido 6 centavos por galón (3,78
litros) en las últimas dos semanas, a 2,61 dólares." |
“The discussions came amid rising gasoline
prices. The latest Lundberg Survey found the nationwide average for gasoline
has risen 6 cents per gallon in the past two weeks to $2.61.” |
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Pienso que reducir y además reciclar
todos los motores que consumen electricidad y combustible es una necesidad
elemental y urgente de toda la humanidad. La tragedia no consiste en reducir
esos gastos de energía, sino en la idea de convertir los alimentos en
combustible. |
I believe that reducing and moreover recycling
all motors that run on electricity and fuel is an elemental and urgent need
for all humanity. The tragedy does not lie in reducing those energy costs but
in the idea of converting food into fuel. |
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Hoy se conoce con toda precisión que una
tonelada de maíz sólo puede producir 413 litros de etanol como promedio, de
acuerdo con densidades, lo que equivale a 109 galones. |
It is known very precisely today that one ton of
corn can only produce 413 liters of ethanol on average, according to
densities. That is equivalent to 109 gallons. |
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El precio promedio |
The average price of corn in |
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Según datos de la FAO, la cosecha de
maíz de Estados Unidos en el año 2005 se elevó a 280,2 millones de toneladas. |
According to FAO figures, the |
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Aunque el Presidente hable de producir
combustible a partir de césped o virutas de |
Although the president is talking of producing
fuel derived from grass or wood shavings, anyone can understand that these
are phrases totally lacking in realism. Let’s be clear: 35 billion gallons
translates into 35 followed by nine zeros! |
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Vendrán después bellos ejemplos de lo
que en la productividad por hombre y por hectárea alcanzan los experimentados
y bien organizados agricultores de Estados Unidos: el maíz convertido en
etanol; los residuos de ese maíz convertidos en alimento animal con 26% de proteína;
el excremento |
Afterwards will come
beautiful examples of what experienced and well-organized |
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Otros países |
Other countries in the rich world are planning to
use not only corn but also wheat, sunflower seeds, rapeseed and other foods
for fuel production. For the Europeans, for example, it would become a
business to import all of the world’s soybeans with the aim of reducing the
fuel costs for their automobiles and feeding their animals with the chaff
from that legume, particularly rich in all types of essential amino acids. |
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En |
In |
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En |
I understand that in |
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Todos los países |
All the countries of the world, rich and poor,
without any exception, could save millions and millions of dollars in
investment and fuel simply by changing all the incandescent light bulbs for
fluorescent ones, an exercise that Cuba has carried out in all homes
throughout the country. That would provide a breathing space to resist
climate change without killing the poor masses through hunger. |
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As can be observed, I am not using adjectives to
qualify the system and the lords of the earth. That task can be excellently
undertaken by news experts and honest social, economic and political
scientists abounding in the world who are constantly delving into to the
present and future of our species. A computer and the growing number of
Internet networks are sufficient for that. |
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Hoy conocemos por primera vez una
economía realmente globalizada y una potencia dominante en el terreno
económico, político y militar, que en nada se parece a la Roma de los
emperadores. |
Today, we are seeing for the first time a really
globalized economy and a dominant power in the economic, political and
military terrain that in no way resembles that of Imperial Rome. |
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Algunos se preguntarán por qué hablo de
hambre y sed. Respondo: no se trata de la otra cara de una moneda, sino de
varias caras de otra pieza, |
Some people will be asking themselves why I am talking
of hunger and thirst. My response to that: it is not about the other side of
the coin, but about several sides of something else, like a die with six
sides, or a polyhedron with many more sides. |
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Acudo en este caso a una agencia oficial
de noticias, fundada en 1945 y generalmente bien informada sobre los
problemas económicos y sociales |
I refer in this case to an official news agency,
founded in 1945 and generally well-informed about economic and social
questions in the world: TELAM. It said, and I quote: |
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"Cerca de 2 mil millones de
personas habitarán dentro de apenas 18 años en países y regiones donde el
agua sea un recuerdo lejano. Dos tercios de la población mundial podrían
vivir en lugares donde esa escasez produzca tensiones sociales y económicas
de tal magnitud que podrían llevar a los pueblos a guerras por el preciado
‘oro azul’. |
“In just 18 years, close to 2 billion people will
be living in countries and regions where water will be a distant memory.
Two-thirds of the world’s population could be living in places where that
scarcity produces social and economic tensions of such a magnitude that it
could lead nations to wars for the precious ‘blue gold.’ |
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"Durante los últimos 100 años, el
uso |
“Over the last 100 years, the use of water has
increased at a rate twice as fast as that of population growth. |
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"Según las estadísticas |
“According to statistics from the World Water
Council, it is estimated that by 2015, the number of inhabitants affected by
this grave situation will rise by 3.5 billion people. |
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"La Organización de Naciones Unidas
celebró el 23 de marzo el Día Mundial del Agua, llamando a enfrentar desde
ese mismo día la escasez mundial del agua bajo la coordinación de la
Organización de Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO),
con el objetivo de destacar la creciente importancia de la falta de agua a
nivel mundial y la necesidad de una mayor integración y cooperación que
permitan garantizar una gestión sostenida y eficiente de los recursos
hídricos. |
“The United Nations celebrated World Water Day on
March 23, and called to begin confronting, that very day, the international
scarcity of water, under the coordination of the UN Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO), with the goal of highlighting the increasing importance
of water scarcity on a global scale, and the need for greater integration and
cooperation that would make it possible to guarantee sustained and efficient
management of water resources. |
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"Muchas regiones |
“Many regions on the planet are suffering from
severe water shortages, living with less than 500 cubic meters per person per
year. The number of regions suffering from chronic scarcity of this vital
element is increasingly growing. |
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"Principales consecuencias de la
escasez de agua son la insuficiente cantidad de ese precioso líquido para la
producción de alimentos, la imposibilidad de desarrollo industrial, urbano y
turístico y problemas de salud." |
“The principal consequences of water scarcity are
an insufficient amount of the precious liquid for producing food, the
impossibility of industrial, urban and tourism development and health
problems.” |
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Hasta aquí el cable de TELAM. |
That was the TELEAM cable. |
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Dejo de mencionar en este caso otros
importantes hechos, |
In this case I will refrain from mentioning other
important facts, like the melting ice in |
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Hay otros temas que pueden abordarse,
pero simplemente pretendo con estas líneas hacer un comentario sobre la
reunión |
There are other issues that could be addressed,
but with these lines I am just trying to comment on President Bush’s meeting
with the principal executives of |
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Marzo 28 |
Fidel Castro. Translated by
Granma International |